AOV Systems
A Guide to Automatic Opening Vents
AOV Systems: A Guide to Automatic Opening Vents
At Meritas, we believe that the most effective life-safety systems are those that work seamlessly with a building’s architecture.
While fire dampers protect the structural integrity of a property, AOV (Automatic Opening Vent) systems are the primary tools used to manage the most significant threat during a fire: smoke.
What is an AOV?
An AOV is a motorised fire safety device designed to help smoke and heat escape from a building.
These vents are typically installed in stairwells, lift shafts, and corridors.
Because smoke is more lethal than heat, these systems are critical for maintaining “tenable conditions.” Consequently, they ensure that escape routes remain clear for occupants and visible for the fire and rescue services.
How AOV Systems Function
The operation of an AOV is both sophisticated and reliable. Generally, the process begins when a smoke detector or manual call point sends a signal to a dedicated control panel.
Consequently, the panel triggers the electrical actuators, which automatically open the vents to a specific, tested angle.
Furthermore, these systems can be categorised into two main types:
Natural Smoke Ventilation
These use the natural buoyancy of hot gases to let smoke rise and exit through roof-mounted vents or windows.
Mechanical Extract
In more complex structures, an AOV may work alongside powerful but balanced fans to actively pull smoke out of the building.
Compliance and British Standards
Navigating the regulatory landscape is essential for any building owner.
To ensure safety, all AOV installations must comply with the BS EN 12101 series of standards. This ensures that the vents, actuators, and power supplies can withstand the extreme pressure and temperature differentials present during a real incident.
Moreover, following the introduction of the Building Safety Act 2022, there is now a heightened emphasis on “industry competence.” Therefore, it is no longer enough to simply install a vent; the system must be meticulously integrated into the building’s wider fire strategy.
The Importance of Maintenance
Even the most advanced AOV is useless if it fails during an emergency. Under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, the “Responsible Person” has a legal duty to maintain these systems.
Specifically, BS 9999 dictates that smoke control systems require regular functional testing.
Under BS 12101 We verify that:
- Actuators have sufficient power and signal response
- Vents open fully and reliably
- Other levels achieve a lock-out
- The system's failsafe in the event of a total power loss
Why Choose Meritas for Your AOV Strategy?
At Meritas, we view an AOV as a robust first line of defence. By combining mechanical ingenuity with the principles of risk management, we ensure your building remains a safe environment for all inhabitants.
Whether you are managing a high-rise residential block or a commercial office, we provide the expertise needed to keep your smoke ventilation systems compliant.